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La ricerca e l'attacco di sommergibili dell'Asse a convogli britannici (Islanda)


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Buonasera Dottor Mattesini.

 

L'acronimo UZO significa Uboot-Zieloptik.

 

Si veda di Eberhard Rossler - The U Boat, the evolution and technical history of German submarines, Cassell, Londra 2001, pagine 236 e 374 (glossario).

 

Oppure, su questi noti siti web:

http://www.deutsche-unterseeboote.de/php/glossar/u-boot-glossar.php?pageNum_Recordset1=3&totalRows_Recordset1=157

http://uboat.net/forums/read.php?20,84850,84851,quote=1

 

Mi permetto di segnalarLe questa tesi di David Habersham Wright della Georgia Southern University:

 

http://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/599/

http://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1599&context=etd

 

In particolare alle pagine 35-36:

 

"Attacks from the surface were always conducted from the bridge, normally by the executive officer (known as the First Watch Officer or 1WO) rather than the captain.

The 1WO would use a special sighting instrument mounted on the bridge known as the Uboot-Zieloptik or UZO (U-boat targeting optical sight).

Attacks while submerged, which normally occurred during the day, were made by the captain from the control center located in the conning tower by means of the attack periscope, which was different from the normal observation periscope.

Both the UZO and the attack periscope would be used to calculate the target’s speed, estimated range, target angle on the bow, torpedo speed, and a correction factor for the target’s rate swing.

These calculations would be called out to the executive officer, who would plug them into the targeting computer, known as the Vorhaltsrechner.

This would calculate the torpedo’s proper direction angle, point of convergence, shot angle, and maximum range, the data being sent down to the torpedo room where the chief torpedoman would plug them into the gyro."

Edited by Admiral Canoga
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Grazie Signor Ammiraglio.

 

Quello che riporta é molto interessante e mi sarà utile. Può trovare il Saggio sull'attacco ai convogli a sud dell'Islanda, e quello sull'attività dei sommergibili italiani nell'America centrale tra il febbraio e l'aprile 1942, nella mia paguina di Accademia UDU:

 

https://independent.academia.edu/FrancescoMattesini

 

Cordiali saluti

 

Francesco Mattesini

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Dottor Mattesini mi permetto di segnalarLe alcuni siti web ove è possibile consultare un po' di documentazione, soprattutto fotografica, sulle centraline UZO.

 

Partiamo dalle pagine che questo ottimo sito web di un collezionista italiano dedica ai binocoli Zeiss:

 

http://www.historicacollectibles.com/it/binoculars-amp-telescopes/pagina2

http://www.historicacollectibles.com/it/binoculars-amp-telescopes/binocolo-7x50-blc-zeiss-udf-uzo-u-boot-kriegsmarine

http://www.historicacollectibles.com/it/binoculars-amp-telescopes/binocolo-7x50-blc-carl-zeiss-udf-uzo-reichsadler-u-boot-kriegsmarine-circa-1943

http://www.historicacollectibles.com/it/binoculars-amp-telescopes/binocolo-7x50-blc-carl-zeiss

http://www.historicacollectibles.com/it/binoculars-amp-telescopes/binocolo-7x50-blc-carl-zeiss-udf-uzo-con-rarissimi-tubi-parapioggia-u-boot-kriegsmarine-circa-1943

http://www.historicacollectibles.com/it/binoculars-amp-telescopes/binocolo-7x50-blc-zeiss-udf-uzo-u-boot-kriegsmarine-con-mirino

 

Questo è il sito internet dedicato al sommergibile museo U-995 (un Tipo VII-C/41). Si faccia attenzione alla prima, alla terza e alla tredicesima fotografia:

 

http://www.u-995.com/brueckenwanne.html

 

Segnalo anche il sito web di Anna e Terry Vacani ( http://binoculars-cinecollectors.com/) ove sono reperibili questi documenti pdf dedicati alle ottiche dei sommergibili:

 

-   http://www.binoculars-cinecollectors.com/U-boat_binoculars_and_other_items1.pdf

 

In particolare a pagine 16:

 

"Large binoculars mounted on the deck"

 

On the German U-boats deck was mounted a pedestal mount with a clamping device, in the center for a

large heavy binocular.

This was the base for UZO (U-Boot-Zieloptik = U-Boat aiming optic) torpedo aiming device.

Researches of the war time films and the published books and magazines, often show these models;

8 x 60 and U.D.F.

7 x 50 UDF was watertight to about 100 meters of diving; over this depth the glasses would be damaged.

Usually the binocular was not left on deck when the U-boat was submerged; only in an emergency dive

it was left on deck.

 

-   http://www.binoculars-cinecollectors.com/U.D.F._by_Anna_and_Terry_Vacani_encr_.pdf

 

In particolare a pagina 5:

 

As it was explained in the book mentioned above; the conning tower (Turm) was the

observation tower or platform of submarine; on a U-boat it contained steering controls;

on type IX U-boats it contained the attack periscope eyepieces and torpedo deflection

calculator.

Below the conning tower and bridge was located the control room over headed, between

two periscopes, were a watertight hatch and a ladder giving access to the coning tower.

Once a target had been sighted, in any firing solution could only be obtained by using one of

the two available sighting devices: by periscope or by UZO–Uberwasserzieloptik.

As we read in “U-boat Type VII” by Robert C. Stern:

“The UZO was located toward the front of the external tower, between the hatch and the

sky periscope. It was composed of two parts: a pair of large rangefinder binoculars (among

them UDF); and a permanently mounted rotating bracket set in a ring marked off in degrees.

The binoculars [...] were mounted on the rotating bracket only when actually needed for

surface attack computation. They had to be taken inside the boat before diving because

they weren’t waterproof at depth. Both the attack periscope and the UZO were linked to a

mechanical analog attack computer located at the after end in the conning tower. [ ]

When the target was properly lined up, the necessary mechanical connections were

made to the gyro compass and the UZO or attack periscope”

 

Si presti attenzione: qui Robert C Stern indica l'acronimo UZO con Uberwasserzieloptik.

 

Dottor Mattesini cercherò di consultare i volumi di questo studioso (mi pare che tra le altre cose sia l'autore del fascicolo della Squadron SIgnal sugli U-Boot) e Le riferirò.

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